Chemical composition and hypoglycemic effect of Camellia sasanqua

11/05/2022

Using natural sources of medicinal herbs in general, especially natural compounds derived from plants, to treat a number of tropical diseases and serious diseases is a concern not only of the pharmaceutical industry in our country but also of countries around the world. The research and discovery of new biologically active compounds from nature to serve human life is one of the important tasks posed to scientists. Contributing to these studies, Dr. Nguyen Thi Cuc and the research team of the Institute of Marine Biochemistry conducted the project: "Study on chemical composition and hypoglycemic effect of Camellia sasanqua species" (Code: GUST.STS.ĐT2018-HH01), with the objective evaluation and screening to look for active ingredients capable of lowering blood sugar from Camelia sasanqua species.

Camellia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae, native to eastern and southern Asia. There are about 280 species in the world. In Vietnam, 68 species are known, of which 15 are endemic. Species in the genus Tra have great potential for biologically active substances such as: hypoglycemic effect, cytotoxic activity, antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory activity. However, in Vietnam, this species has only a few preliminary studies on its composition. Therefore, the investigation, research, evaluation of chemical composition and screening of potential biologically active substances from Camellia sasanqua species will have scientific and practical significance.

Camellia sasanqua species

The research team collected samples of C. sasanqua leaves at Nguyen Binh, Cao Bang, Vietnam, in April 2019. Using a combination of chromatographic and modern spectroscopy methods, the research team isolated and determined the structures of 13 compounds (CS1-CS13) from C. sasanqua species. Among the isolated compounds, there are three new compounds: Sasastilboside A (CS1), Sasastilboside B (CS2) and Sasastilboside C (CS3); as well as ten known compounds: 3,5-dihydroxydihydrostilbene 4′-O-β-D- glucopyranoside (CS4), 5.4′- dihydroxydihydrostilbene 3-O-β-D- glucopyranoside (CS5), 3,5-dimethoxydihydrostilbene 4 ′-O-α-L- rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (CS6), rehmaionoside A (CS7), kaempferol 3-O -β-D-glucopyranoside (CS8), quercitrin (CS9), rutin (CS10), nicotiflorin (CS11), catechin (CS12) and nudiposide (CS13).

All compounds isolated from C. sasanqua species were evaluated for their α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzyme inhibitory activities. The results showed that compounds CS3, CS8 and CS12 had α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 77.62 ± 1.58, 123.03 ± 2.08 and 72.44 ± 1.34 μM, respectively. Compound CS1 had α-amylase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 53.70 ± 1.57 μM. For the first time, compounds isolated from C. sasanqua species were evaluated for their α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzyme inhibitory activities. Three compounds CS3, CS8 and CS12 had α-glucosidase inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 77.62 ± 1.58, 123.03 ± 2.08 and 72.44 ± 1.34 μM, respectively. Compound CS1 had α-amylase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 53.70 ± 1.57 μM. The two compounds CS3 and CS12 with good activity could include potential compounds with hypoglycemic effects.

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Diagram of isolation of compounds from C.sasanqua species

Translated by Phuong Huyen
Link to Vietnamese version

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