- Some features of GAINS has been updated and expanded including integrating data connection with Craft Village software, optimizing costs and benefits. With fine dust PM2.5, the results showed that without measures to improve weather resistance, by 2030 PM2.5 in the North could be 25-30% higher than in 2020. This means that about 85% of the population here will be exposed to air quality that does not meet the national standard for PM2.5.
- In a baseline scenario on the GAINS model for Hung Yen, it found that the forecast results were relatively consistent. The modeling results show that, with the use of local budgets, the cost to control emissions with investment over the years is the lowest, only about 75 million Euro/year in 2030. While with If the loan interest rate is 10%, the cost to control emissions is about 110 million Euro/year and more than double the optimal level, reaching nearly 175 million Euro/year in 2030, corresponding to the interest rate of 20%.
- On the basis of simulation scenarios, we proposed a draft of policy recommendations on air pollution control in a locality in Vietnam, an example for Hung Yen province in order to effectively control air pollution. air pollution on the basis of cost and economic benefits.

- Using modeling tools to support the development of policies on air quality control is an advanced and scientific approach that has been successfully applied by many countries and localities. In the case of Vietnam, this approach was tested through an international cooperation mission between VAST and IIASA showing the feasibility of applying this approach at the local as well as national level. . When localities develop policies/plans on air quality management, this is an approach/tool ​​that should be considered to apply to be able to assess the impacts of policies in a timely manner. comprehensive and total
- In order to be able to apply modeling tools effectively, localities should proceed to build databases on emissions activities to store information for the emission inventory. an important input to the model. While more specific policy recommendations are needed from GAINS-Vietnam's detailed analysis tools, initial analysis suggests that a range of policy changes could yield significant improvements. on air quality in the area; and move closer to the World Health Organization (WHO) air quality standards. An economically effective strategy should combine technical control measures and policies that promote the change of clean energy sources such as the use of fuel-saving technologies, the transition to more environmentally friendly fuels. The GAINS-Vietnam tool, once detailed with local data collected based on surveys, will help define effective air quality improvement policy strategies.