- To determine the diversity and phylogenetic relationships; and to predict the evolution of plant-parasitic nematodes in Vietnam across various taxonomic levels (higher taxa, cross-taxa, or subset taxa).

- To develop and optimize DNA barcoding and Multiplex PCR methods for rapid identification of plant-parasitic nematodes in Vietnam.

- To design a workflow utilizing Realtime-PCR method for rapid identification of dangerous plant-parasitic nematode groups in Vietnam.

• Provided and analyzed morphological data of dangerous plant-parasitic nematodes, including root-knot nematodes, migratory endoparasitic nematodes (Pratylenchus coffeae), virus-transmitting nematodes (Xiphinema bevicolle), and some root ectoparasitic nematodes.

• Successfully designed a pair of primers targeting 18S rDNA region for the identification of dangerous plant-parasitic nematode species belonging to the virus-transmitting group. Our study indicated that in analyzing phylogenetic relationship and identification, nuclear genes (ITS, 28S) and mitochondrial genes (COI) can be utilized for root-knot nematodes that does not belong to the tropical MIG group, while the NAD5 gene is required for MIG group; for migratory endoparasitic nematode species, the D2D3 28S rDNA gene can be used, and for X. bevicolle, the 18S rDNA gene is suitable.

• Improved and optimized the use of Multiplex PCR primers for rapid identification of root-knot nematode species in Vietnam. Successfully designed and established a Real-time PCR reaction protocol for Meloidogyne incognita in Vietnam.

• Prepared a collection of 300 specimen slides of important plant-parasitic nematode species collected from investigated areas, including detailed and comprehensive information of six species belonging to five important plant-parasitic nematode genera.

• Published 40 DNA sequences (18S, 28S, and COI gene regions) of several species on GenBank.

• Was successful in applying the Multiplex PCR method for the rapid identification of three species: Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne arenaria, and Meloidogyne javanica. This approach can be used for plant quarantine and protection purposes.

• Was successful in designing a rapid identification workflow for Meloidogyne incognita using the Realtime-PCR method.

Recorded a new genus Hemicaloosia (Hemicaloosia guanzhouensis) for Vietnam; recorded for the first time Meloidogyne enterolobii parasitizing pomelo; provided and analyzed morphological data of important plant-parasitic nematodes, including root-knot nematodes, migratory endoparasitic nematode (Pratylenchus coffeae), virus-transmitting nematode (Xiphinema brevicolle)

- Scientific papers in referred journals (list):

SCI-E Journals

1) Le, T. M. L., Trinh, Q. P., Nguyen, T. D., & Nguyen, H. T. (2023). Morphological and molecular characterisations of the damaging root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal, 1889) Chitwood, 1949, parasitising black pepper and coffee in Vietnam. Australasian Plant Pathology, 52(1), 89-105.

2) Nguyen, T. D., Nguyen, H. T., Le, T. M. L., & Trinh, Q. P. (2023). Characterisation of Hemicaloosia guangzhouensis and a first report of the genus Hemicaloosia (Nematoda: Criconematina) from Vietnam. Biologia, 1-8.

3) Nguyen, H. T., Le, T. M. L., Trinh, Q. P., (2023). Method for taking Scanning Electron Microscope photographs of  nematodes and  meiofauna with the support of a low-cost and easy-made container. Helminthologia (accepted for publication)

VAST2 journal

1) Le, T. M. L., Nguyen, H. T., Nguyen, T. D., Nguyen, G. S., & Trinh, Q. P. (2023). First report of root-knot nematode Meloidogyne enterolobii infecting pomelo (Citrus maxima) (Burm.) Merri) in Vietnam. Academia Journal of Biology, 45(2), 37-46. 

- Scientific papers in under review (list):

1) The report of the morphological and molecular characteristics of some important plant-parasitic nematode species collected at the investigation sites. (Stored at the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources).

2) List of genbank codes (40 codes) of barcoding DNA sequences of plant parasitic nematode species collected (Stored at the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources).

3) Report on application of Multiplex-PCR method in classifying rootknot nematode Meloidogyne groups in Vietnam (Stored at the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources).

4) Optimized process for Realtime-PCR reaction in rapid classification of harmful plant-parasitic nematodes in Vietnam (Stored at the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources).