Identify marine bio-optics properties supporting to validate and calibrate in developing algorithms, that help to improve accuracy of empirical algorithms for remote sensing analysis of estimation environmental parameters in coastal waters of Vietnam.

Theoretical results: The project were targeted to main scientific results:

• Assessing valuation ofenvironmental water quality in Nha Trang and Cam Ranh Bays in temporal under impacts of human activity.
• Assessing of variation of marine bio-optical properties (AOP, IOP) in two study areas, which helps to build/modify empirical algorithms of estimating environmental parameters;
• Recognizing of primary productivity (PP) in Nha Trang and Cam Ranh by maximum rate of photosynthesis (PBm) and photon efficiency of photosynthesis of chlorophyll-a () in the photosynthesis-irradiance relationship, that are important parameters of empirical algorithms to estimate primary production using remote sensing data;
• Building/Modifying empirical algorithms to quantify environmental parameters with marine bio-optical and in-situ data.

Applied results: The results of this project can apply for following fields:

• Evaluate and classify water quality Nha Trang and Cam Ranhsupporting for marine economic development;
• Assess changes of integrated primary production in coastal waters, that supports information for comparing and managing environmental quality;
• Quantify environmental parameters of waters using LANDSAT 8 images.

This is one of the first projects of study on marine bio-optic properties, that supports scientific foundation to build/modify empirical algorithms in the terms of quantify water environmental parameters (such as total suspended sediment and Chlorophyll-a). Moreover, the data of project also include maximum rate of photosynthesis (PBm) and photon efficiency of photosynthesis of chlorophyll-a () in Nha Trang and Cam Ranh Bay, that are important parameters to calculate integrated primary production by modelling and remote sensing analysis. Finally, the project is one of the few research in the term of establishing empirical algorithm to estimate water environmental quality in Vietnam having done validation and calibration process.

Scientific papers in referred journals (list):

1. Nguyen Dac Kien, Phan Minh Thu, Dao Thi Hong Van (2013). Maximum of photosynthesis and its impacted parameters in Be Estuary, Khanh Hoa. Science and Technology Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development 23/2013. 55-59.
2. Phan Minh Thu, Bui Hong Long (2014). Initial TSM estimation with Hyper-spectral images in coastal waters based on bio-optic approach. Proceedings International Symposium on GIS-IDEAS 2014, 6-9 Dec 2014, Da Nang, Vietnam. 459-464.
3. Phan Minh Thu, Ton Nu My Nga (2015). Capacity of physical-biological self-purification of seawaters in Thuy Trieu Lagoon, Khanh Hoa. Journal of Fishery Science and Technology, 1(2015). 57-62.
4. Phan Minh Thu, Nguyen Huu Huan, Nguyen Trinh Duc Hieu, Nguyen Minh Hieu, Pham Thi Phương Thao. Variation of Water Environmental Quality in Nha Trang Bay. Journal of Marine Science and Technology(Impress).

Technological products (describe in details: technical characteristics, place): Scientific report.

Other products (if applicable): the project is supporting data for the project’s leader to pepare his PhD thesis at Wageningen University in the Netherlands.

Application for environmental monitoring program in coastal waters of Vietnam.